"There is One God, the Father, who is above all, and through all, and in us all. This is declared by the Apostle to be the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ."
-St. Irenaeus, Against Heresies, Book IV, Chapter 6
6 Do you thus repay the Lord, you foolish and senseless people? Is not he your father, who created you, who made you and established you?
Here the Scriptures show us in the immediate context that he has not only made, but established Israel. In the New Testament we can see the same language through not only adoption unto God, but being the seed of Abraham through faith in Christ. Rom ( 8:15, 8:23, 9:4-8 ) Gal (3:7, 3:29, 4:4-5, 6:15-16 ) Eph ( 1:5, 2:11-14)
8 But now, O Lord, you are our Father; we are the clay, and you are our potter; we are all the work of your hand.
Here the Scriptures show us again not only in relation to Israel his role as the Father of them, but likewise the church in the New Testament
We may also infer that he is Christ's Father according the flesh in relation to being the "work of his hand", as Pslm 22:9-10 says, "Yet you are he who took me from the womb; you made me trust you at my mother's breasts. On you was I cast from my birth, and from my mother's womb you have been my God." Note: This passage refers to His incarnational relation to the Father while other passages refer to the Son being eternally begotten in reference to the divine nature such as Pslm 2:7 and Jhn 1:1
9 Pray then like this: “Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name.
For here Christ teaches his Disciples as well us to pray to God referring to Him as the Father. Likewise he afterwards continues teaching that he is holy or his name is "hallowed". This also may be a reference to the tetragrammaton and a call that the person of The Father is YHWH
Earlier in Matt 6:6 we are also given the command, "But when you pray, go into your room and shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will reward you." Here once again he is reffered to as "your Father".
27 Do not work for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give to you. For on him God the Father has set his seal.”
Here Christ refers the person of the Father as "God the Father" explicitly.
Jesus also in the same manner says that He gives "the food that endures to eternal life" (speaking of the blessed sacrament). He also shows the economic distinctions of the persons by says that "the Father has set his seal", or commended Him (Jesus) to do so (setting his promise on the Son).
1When Jesus had spoken these words, he lifted up his eyes to heaven, and said, “Father, the hour has come; glorify your Son that the Son may glorify you, 2 since you have given him authority over all flesh, to give eternal life to all whom you have given him. 3 And this is eternal life, that they know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.
Here as well as in other passage Christ refers to God as "Father"
Notice the trinitarian language, that the Son asks to be glorified (which the scriptures explicitly states God shares with no one Isa ( 42:8, 48:11) ) and that the Son wishes to glorify thee Father. Christ also says, He "has been given authority over all flesh" and also gives "eternal life", but that the Father gives Him (the Son) such persons.
Christ once again reiterates the Monarchia and monothesm, while stating that it is eternal life to know "the only true God (the Father) "and", "Jesus Christ" (the Son)
3 For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh,
For here the Scriptures show us that the Son is the Father's "own Son". Paul further continues writing that he sent Him "in the likeness of sinful flesh", speaking of his (the Sons) incarnation. This not only points out to us the Sons incarnation, but the Son being eternally with the Father and harkening to his eternal begetting by the person of the Father.
6 yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.
Here we see the Monarchia once more. The Father being proclaimed the "one God" and Christ likewise being proclaimed "one Lord". This shows the eternal fountain head from the Father to the Son and likewise the Spirit. The Father eternally begetting the Son and also eternally spirating the Spirit from his own essence. Eternal and Infinite, uncreated and without beginning.
We exist for and from "Him" (the Father), and yet "all things are through and through whom we exist" in the Son.
Note that this does not diminish the Son since he is eternal and not created, but shows and distinguishes the okonomia of the persons of the Trinity
“For us there is one God, for the Godhead is One, and all that proceeds from Him (i.e., the Father) is referred to the One, though we believe in three persons. When, then, we look at the Godhead, or the First Cause, or the Monarchia, that which we conceive is One; but when we look at the Persons in whom the Godhead dwells, and at those who timelessly and with equal glory have their Being from the First Cause—there are Three whom we worship.”
-St. Gregory of Nazianzus, Oration 42 (On Holy Baptism)
6 one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all.
Once more we see there being only one God. Directly after the scriptures states that the Father, "is over all and through all and in all." This speaks to the unity within not only the persons of the Trinity, but His very own Church. Him being our Father, the Son leading us to Him and the Spirit sanctifying us into the image of the Son. To the Glory of the one God
2 according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:
For here it should be noted the not only the distinct roles of the persons, but the unity of the persons.
We may also notice the Monarchia. This in no way diminishes Christ or the Spirit. For the Spirit Sanctifies, and that being the Spirit of God, and that sanctification being unto Him. And also obedience to Christ, which if obedience to Christ likewise to the Father.